Vallée d’Obermann, the most substantial work of the first collection of Années de pélerinage, is also the most sublime. Inspired by Senancour’s novel Obermann—set in Switzerland and passionately read, reread and annotated by the two lovers—this piece contains some especially daring harmony that occasionally foreshadows the upheaval brought about by Wagner. Liszt cites Byron again, but also Senancour: “Que veux-je? Que suis-je? Que demander à la nature?” (What do I want? Who am I? What do I ask of nature?).
Despite its imposing stature and unlike the Dante-Sonata, whose massiveness somewhat unbalances the “Italy” segment, Vallée d’Obermann seems to sum up the cycle’s very essence. This long metaphysical meditation can be split in four parts, though it remains a great example of cyclic form (one theme developed from beginning to end), as his Liszt’s famous B Minor Sonata.
I invite you to access the work, performed here by André Laplante, and then come back here to follow the meanders of the piece while listening.
The piece starts with a very lyrical statement of the theme, the left hand creating the illusion that it has become a singing cello, the right hand accompanying the theme with sombre, insistent chords. A very chromatic, heart-rending motif is juxtaposed to the main one. The theme is repeated, forte this time, but soon disappears into a chromatic complaint, surrounded by chords in the extreme low register of the instrument. The theme is then once more presented in its original form, and then very slightly manipulated, the D natural replacing the D sharp giving it a luminescent quality.
The second part (5 min) features lighter textures and ambiance. The theme, almost scintillating, becomes more serene when stated in C major. After a triumphant forte, it dissolves into a pianissimo chromatism once more.
The recitative (6 min 55) that follows is certainly the most troubled section of the piece, with its almost omnipresent tremolos. The theme is forceful and emphatic, in the minor mode. Numerous chromatic passages surround it and fortissimo octaves shake its very foundations. A dramatic dialogue between right and left hands emerges. After a climax bursting with octaves, the material seems to crumble and a pianissimo statement, rhythmically very fluid, takes its place.
Explosion turns into serenity. The theme of the second section reappears (9 min 32). First almost shy, it soon rises, luminous, one last time, dissolving itself into harmonious chords, almost wind-borne. The piece concludes by the victory of the serene theme, sustained by flamboyant chords.